ABSTRACT
Este estudo foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar as fontes de variação que interferem no índice fertilidade real (FR) e o efeito do ambiente no intervalo de partos (IDP) de vacas Nelore PO criadas em sistema extensivo de produção na região Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Os dados analisados foram ordem de parto (OP), idade ao parto(IP), peso ao nascimento do bezerro (PN), peso à desmama (PD), ano e mês do parto (AP, MP) e sexo do bezerro (SB) de546 vacas, calculando-se o IDP e fixando-se o efeito aleatório da mãe (EAM). IDP e PD foram utilizados para calcular o índice de fertilidade real. O IDP médio de 452,68 ± 117,10 dias foi influenciado (P<0,05) pela ordem de parto, idade aoparto, peso ao nascer e efeito aleatório da mãe. A FR média de 148,6 ± 34,5kg sofreu influência (P<0,05) de ano e mês do parto, ordem de parto, sexo do bezerro e idade da mãe.
This study was designed to evaluate the variation sources that interfere in the true fertility indexand the effect of herd environment in the calving interval of Nelore P.O. cows raised in extensive production systems inMiddle-West of Brazil, without breeding season. The analyzed data were parity order (OP), calving age (IP), calf birthweight (PN), weaning weight (PD), calving year and month (AP, MP) and calf sex (SB) of 546 cows, calculating the calving interval (IDP) and fixing the aleatory effect of mother (EAM). IDP and PD were used to calculate the index oftrue fertility (FR). IDP (452,68±117,10 days) was influenced (P <0,05) by OP, IP, PN and EAM. FR average(148,6±34,5kg) was influenced (P <0,05) by AP, MP, OP, S and IM.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Cattle , Birth Weight , Fertility , Parturition , ReproductionABSTRACT
We used Gibbs sampling in single and two-trait animal models to estimate genetic parameters for some reproductive and related traits of Nellore cattle (Bos indicus). Female traits were age at first calving (AFC), cumulative productivity (CP) and adult weight (AW). For males, scrotal circumferences at 365 and 450 days of age were analyzed. Gibbs sampling using the Multiple Trait using Gibbs Sampling under Animal Model (MTGSAM) program of Van Tassel and Van Vleck was used to estimate the (co) variance components of the traits and conduct genetic analyses. Heritabilities were AFC = 0.26, AW = 0.36 and CP = 0.25 under the single-trait animal model. The mean, mode and median estimates for genetic parameters obtained from the marginal posterior distributions were similar for all traits except AW, which presented lower values for the mode than the mean and median. However, the marginal posterior distributions for the traits studied presented a tendency toward normality. Favorable, but low, negative genetic correlations were found between male scrotal circumference and female age at first calving. The reproductive traits showed medium-magnitude heritabilities, which indicates that these traits should respond to selection and therefore should be included in genetic improvement programs.
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to estimate (co)variance components and genetic parameters for weights (W) and scrotal circumferences (SC) at 365 and 450 days of age, of Nelore (Bos indicus) cattle, using Bayesian inference in single and multiple-trait animal models. The fitted linear models included, besides the animal and residual random effects, the contemporary group (herd-year-season-sex-management group) and age-of-dam as "fixed effects". The analyses were carried out using a Gibbs sampler implemented through the MTGSAM program. The heritabilities (in parentheses) obtained fitting single-trait models were W365 (0.49), W450 (0.52), SC365 (0.68) and SC450 (0.66). Estimates of means, modes and medians for genetic parameters obtained from marginal posterior distributions were similar for all traits. The W365 and SC365 can be considered as suitable traits to be included as selection criteria in genetic improvement programs, not only because of their relatively high heritabilities but also due to the fact that they can be measured when the animals are relatively young compared to the corresponding traits W450 and SC450. The Bayesian approach appears to be an appropriate alternative for estimating genetic parameters, and has the advantage over point estimation methods of allowing inferences on marginal posterior distributions.
ABSTRACT
Parameters based on the probability of gene origin were used to describe the genetic variability in strains of Nellore and polled Nellore (Bos indicus) cattle that participated in the Program for Genetic Improvement of the Nellore Breed (Programa de Melhoramento Genético da Raça Nelore). The effective number of founders was 87.2 for Nellore and 107.9 for polled Nellore, while the number of ancestors was 59.8 for Nellore and 61.5 for polled Nellore and the remaining genomes were 39.4 for Nellore and 34.5 for polled Nellore cattle. The results indicate an intense use (by artificial insemination) of some sires and the absence of subdivisions in the population. The family structure in the two breeds was mainly caused by the genetic contribution of the same sires and only mating preferences for descendants of some founders are recorded in either breed. The results suggest that genetic variability needs monitoring in order to avoid the compromise of genetic improvement in economically important traits in the breeding program.